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Magnitude & intensity

Magnitude measures earthquake size at the source. Intensity describes shaking at a place. They are related but not the same.

Education only. Understanding magnitude scales does not enable predicting when a given city will next shake.

Magnitude (M)

Modern USGS feeds typically report moment magnitude (often labeled simply as mag). It is roughly logarithmic: each whole-number step is about 32× more energy. Our map colors and marker sizes scale with magnitude so large events stand out.

Intensity

Intensity (e.g. Modified Mercalli) is what people and buildings experience at a location. A moderate quake nearby can feel stronger than a larger, deeper, or more distant one. Felt reports on USGS event pages reflect intensity, not magnitude.

Depth

Shallow events (often <70 km) tend to shake harder at the surface for the same magnitude. Intermediate and deep events still matter for science and sometimes for distant effects, but local intensity patterns differ.

Ring of Fire yearly snapshot (from SUMMARY)

In the catalog window 2025-09-13 → 2026-09-12 UTC: 16,268 M≥4 events; 80.6% inside our RoF corridors; strongest M7.8. Those are historical counts — not a forecast for the next year.